Aggressive typist5/6/2023 ![]() ![]() ![]() You will know the type of language used by your principal or agent better than your lawyer, so where it looks as though the language used is not their own, this may indicate that their lawyer has been too heavily involved in the drafting. The words used by the witness in the statement must, therefore, be their own. The function of a witness statement is to set out in writing the evidence in chief of the maker of the statement. When reviewing your opponent’s witness statements before trial, it is a good idea to look closely at the words used. This may establish that the other side’s evidence is incorrect, misleading or otherwise unreliable.ĥ. Cross-examination will be used to put your opponent’s case under the microscope and highlight any factual points on which your opponent’s case differs to your own. If there is no conflict, the aim will be to attack your opponent’s case by challenging the evidence on which their case is based. The court may find such evidence difficult to accept and will judge the correctness of the witness’s evidence accordingly.Ĥ. The trial judge’s attention may be drawn to any evidence that appears to conflict with what your opponent’s witness is saying. ![]() This can help to apply pressure to your opponent, particularly if the documents are ones that you would otherwise not be entitled to see, and ones that your opponent probably does not want you to see!ģ. If your opponent has referred to documents in their witness statements that you have not yet seen as part of their disclosure, then you may ask to inspect such documents. Alternatively, it may be possible to apply to strike out parts of your opponent’s witness statements (for example, on the ground that the evidence is inadmissible).Ģ. Prepare a supplemental witness statement to identify and deal with the factual inaccuracies contained in your opponent’s statements. If, however, there are clear factual inaccuracies contained in your opponent’s witness statements, you may be able to successfully challenge those statements by doing any of the following:ġ. Even if your comments do not go as far as disputing the accuracy of the evidence contained in your opponent’s statements, they will undoubtedly be helpful in preparing for the trial. You should consider whether there are factual inaccuracies in the evidence contained in those statements. You will have the opportunity to review your opponent’s witness statements when exchange takes place. This cardinal principle applies to both sides in litigation, so whether you are an agent or a principal embroiled in a legal battle, you might be able to obtain a tactical advantage over your opponent if you can show that their witness statements do not accurately reflect their evidence in the case. It is important, therefore, to ensure that witness statements are accurate and comprehensive. Indeed, a case may be won or lost on the strength of the witness evidence and (assuming the case goes that far) the performance of the witness at trial. Their purpose is to show the case in its strongest light. Objects implementing the _array_ protocol.Witness statements are a crucial part of any case. ArrayLike = typing.Union #Ī Union representing objects that can be coerced While this mutual exclusivity is not (strictly) enforced during runtime,Ĭombining both dtype specifiers can lead to unexpected or even downrightīuggy behavior. if dtype is specified than one may not specify formats. These two approaches are currently typed as being mutually exclusive, With up to five helper arguments that operate via numpy.format_parser:įormats, names, titles, aligned and byteorder. The dtype of numpy.recarray, and the numpy.rec functions in general, Situation with either typing.cast or a # type: ignore comment. If it is known in advance that an operation _will_ perform aĠD-array -> scalar cast, then one can consider manually remedying the While thus not strictlyĬorrect, all operations are that can potentially perform a 0D-array -> scalarĬast are currently annotated as exclusively returning an ndarray. Necessary distinction between 0D and >0D arrays. Typing (see PEP 646) it is unfortunately not possible to make the Signedinteger, the former only inheriting from genericĭuring runtime numpy aggressively casts any passed 0D arrays into theirĬorresponding generic instance. The timedelta64 class is not considered a subclass of Runtime, they’re not necessarily considered as sub-classes. Ĭonsequently, the likes of float16, float32 andįloat64 are still sub-types of floating, but, contrary to NBitBase ) > def func ( a : "np.floating", b : "np.floating" ) -> "np.floating". from typing import TypeVar > import numpy as np > import numpy.typing as npt > T = TypeVar ( "T", bound = npt.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |